Parvinder Singh v. ED
Supreme Court of India2026 INSC 519Bench: Justice M.M. Sundresh, Justice Nongmeikapam Kotiswar Singh
First proviso to Section 223(1) BNSS requiring opportunity of hearing to accused before cognizance is substantive and mandatory. It confers vital right forming part of fair trial under Article 21. Non-compliance renders cognizance order void ab initio. Applies to PMLA complaints.