Berubari Union Case
Supreme Court of IndiaAIR 1960 SC 845Bench: Sinha CJ, Imam J, Shah J, Kapur J, Hidayatullah J, Dayal J, Sarkar J, Mudholkar J (8-judge Constitution Bench)
Cession of Indian territory to a foreign country requires an amendment to the Constitution under Article 368 because it amounts to diminishing the territory of India. The Preamble declares India's territory; ceding it requires constitutional amendment, not merely a law under Article 3 (which covers reorganisation of existing Indian territory). The Preamble is not a part of the Constitution enforceable in court.